I’m speaking to current laws that already exist in many states, that have survived legal challenges and have been deemed constitutional.
Like where? I know Michigan just passed such a law last year, but it hasn't been challenged. With the SCOTUS's decisions in Heller, which specifically struck down a D.C. law requiring rifles and shotguns be kept "unloaded and disassembled or bound by a trigger lock", and
Bruen which ruled the ability to carry a gun in public is a constitutional right guaranteed by the Second Amendment, I have a hard time believing that laws mandating safe storage at home in private would stand up to a challenge under this psycho court.